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The core maintenance priorities for self-priming trailer pumps include power system servicing, pump body corrosion and wear prevention, and trailer chassis rust and slip resistance. Implementing maintenance across four dimensions—**after each operation, weekly, monthly, and for long-term storage—can significantly extend equipment service life and prevent malfunctions during emergency operations.
I. Post-Operation Maintenance (Mandatory, 5–10 Minutes)
1. Post-Shutdown Safety Procedures
– Cut off the power source: Shut down diesel/gasoline models; disconnect power and unplug electric models. Wait for the pump body and engine to cool to room temperature to prevent high-temperature scalds.
– If pumping sewage, sludge, or corrosive media, **flush the pump chamber thoroughly with clean water**: Close inlet and outlet valves, inject clean water through the filling port, start the equipment for 1–2 minutes of no-load operation, open the drain valve to empty sewage, and repeat 2–3 times until clear water is discharged. This prevents residual media from corroding the impeller and pump casing.
– After operation in winter, **completely drain all liquids from the pump** (including pump chamber, pipelines, and water tank) and remove drain bolts to avoid pump body cracking due to low-temperature freezing.
2. Cleaning and Visual Inspection
– Wipe oil stains, sludge, and dust off the surfaces of the pump body, engine, and trailer chassis. Focus on cleaning debris from radiators and filter screens to ensure unobstructed heat dissipation.
– Check the suction strainer for blockages; remove impurities such as stones, branches, and fibers trapped by the strainer to prevent priming failures during subsequent startups.
– Inspect pipeline joints and seals for leaks. Tighten clamps or replace sealing rings if drips are detected.
3. Trailer Component Inspection
– Clear pebbles and dirt from tire treads; check tire pressure for adequacy. Lower the support legs and inspect leg pads for wear.
– Verify that the tow hook and parking brake operate flexibly and effectively. Apply a small amount of grease to prevent jamming.
II. Weekly Maintenance (Routine, 20–30 Minutes)
1. Power System Maintenance
| Power Type | Maintenance Content |
|————|———————|
| **Diesel/Gasoline Models** | 1. Check oil level: Pull out the dipstick; the oil level must be between the scale marks. Top up with the same grade oil if insufficient.
2. Check fuel level: Ensure no fuel tank leaks; clean the fuel cap vent hole to prevent fuel supply disruptions.
3. Check air filter: Remove the filter element and blow dust off from the inside out with compressed air. Replace the filter immediately if damaged.
4. Check drive belt: Press the middle of the belt—deflection should be 10–15mm. Adjust the tension pulley if too loose; replace the belt promptly if over-tightened or cracked. |
| **Electric Models** | 1. Clean dust from the motor cooling fan and terminal box; inspect terminals for looseness or burn marks.
2. Check power cords for damage or aging; verify secure connections of plugs and sockets, and ensure the grounding wire is intact. |
2. Pump Core Component Inspection
– Check for impeller jamming: Manually rotate the pump shaft—it should turn smoothly without abnormal noise. If stuck, investigate for residual debris or bearing damage.
– Check sealing conditions: Minor dripping from mechanical seals is permissible (≤5 drops/minute). If dripping is excessive, inspect seal wear. For packed seals, tighten the gland bolts to control leakage within 10 drops/minute.
– Apply **lithium-based grease** to pump shaft bearings, trailer wheel bearings, and support leg rotating shafts to ensure smooth operation.
3. Pipeline and Valve Maintenance
– Check that inlet and outlet valves open/close flexibly; apply grease to valve stems to prevent rust and jamming.
– Inspect suction hoses for aging, cracking, or bulging; check for corrosion on joint clamps. Replace damaged components immediately.
III. Monthly Maintenance (In-Depth, 1–2 Hours)
1. Wear Part Replacement and Repair
– **Impeller and Pump Casing Inspection**: Remove the pump cover and check the impeller and pump casing inner wall for wear, grooves, or cracks (focus on this step if pumping sand-containing media). Minor wear can be repaired by grinding; replace the impeller immediately if blades are broken or pump casing wall thickness is reduced (impellers are recommended to be replaced in pairs to ensure dynamic balance).
– **Seal Replacement**: Replace mechanical seal rotating rings, stationary rings, and sealing rings if used for over 3 months or severely worn. Directly replace packing for packed seals.
– **Strainer Replacement**: Replace deformed or holed suction strainers with stainless steel ones of the same specification to prevent debris from entering the pump body.
2. In-Depth Power System Servicing
| Power Type | Maintenance Content |
|————|———————|
| **Diesel Models** | 1. Oil change: Drain old oil, refill with new oil (select CF-4 or CH-4 grade diesel engine oil per manual), and replace the oil filter.
2. Coolant check: Ensure coolant level is normal. Replace antifreeze if turbid (use -25℃ or -40℃ grade for winter).
3. Spark plug/injector inspection: Clean carbon deposits; professional calibration is required if injectors have poor atomization. |
| **Gasoline Models** | 1. Replace engine oil and oil filter.
2. Check spark plug gap (0.6–0.8mm); replace if severely worn.
3. Clean the carburetor and unclog fuel lines. |
| **Electric Models** | 1. Motor bearing inspection: Replace bearings and apply grease if abnormal noise or jamming occurs during rotation.
2. Motor brush inspection: Replace brushes with the same model if brush length is less than 1/3 of the original length. |
3. Trailer Chassis Rust Prevention and Reinforcement
– Inspect the trailer chassis and frame for rust or deformation. Grind rusted areas, then apply anti-rust paint and topcoat.
– Tighten frame and pump body fixing bolts to prevent bolt loosening or detachment caused by vibration during equipment operation.
IV. Long-Term Storage Maintenance (For Idle Periods Over 1 Month/Seasonal Storage)
1. Comprehensive Cleaning and Drying
– Complete all post-operation, weekly, and monthly maintenance items. Thoroughly clean the pump chamber, pipelines, and trailer chassis to ensure no residual media or moisture remains.
– Remove suction hoses, dry them completely, and store separately. Seal pump inlets and outlets with blind flanges or plastic sheets to prevent dust and rainwater ingress.
2. Special Power System Maintenance
| Power Type | Maintenance Content |
|————|———————|
| Diesel/Gasoline Models | 1. Drain fuel: Empty fuel from the tank and lines; start the engine and let it idle until it stalls automatically to eliminate residual fuel and prevent line blockages caused by fuel deterioration.
2. Cylinder lubrication: Remove spark plugs/injectors, inject a small amount of oil into the cylinders, pull the recoil starter 2–3 times to lubricate cylinder walls and prevent rust, then reinstall spark plugs.
3. Battery maintenance: Remove the battery, fully charge it, and store in a dry, well-ventilated area. Recharge monthly to maintain charge level. |
| Electric Models | 1. Coil the power cord neatly and wrap the plug with insulating tape to prevent moisture damage.
2. Cover the motor with a dustproof cover and place desiccant inside the terminal box. |
3. Trailer and Whole Machine Protection
– Inflate tires to rated pressure; jack up the trailer chassis to avoid tire deformation from long-term pressure.
– Apply anti-rust oil to metal components such as tow hooks, parking brakes, and support legs. Cover the entire unit with a waterproof and dustproof cover.
– Store the equipment in a dry, well-ventilated area away from humidity, corrosive gases, flammable/explosive materials, and direct sunlight.
V. Maintenance Notes
1. All maintenance operations **must be performed after cutting off the power source**. For diesel/gasoline models, wait for the equipment to cool completely to prevent fire hazards from fuel leaks.
2. Use oil, grease, and coolant specified in the equipment manual. Do not mix oils of different brands or specifications.
3. Use special tools when disassembling precision components such as impellers and mechanical seals to avoid damage from brute force. Contact the manufacturer’s after-sales service for complex faults.
4. Establish a maintenance log to record maintenance dates, replaced parts, and troubleshooting details for future traceability and equipment management.
